![]() ![]() The new PostgreSQL executable directory default is the directory where pg_upgrade resides environment variable PGBINNEW -cĬheck clusters only, don't change any data -d configdir The old PostgreSQL executable directory environment variable PGBINOLD -B bindir Pg_upgrade supports upgrades from 9.2.X and later to the current major release of PostgreSQL, including snapshot and beta releases. It is important that any external modules are also binary compatible, though this cannot be checked by pg_upgrade. Pg_upgrade does its best to make sure the old and new clusters are binary-compatible, e.g., by checking for compatible compile-time settings, including 32/64-bit binaries. (The community will attempt to avoid such situations.) If a future major release ever changes the data storage format in a way that makes the old data format unreadable, pg_upgrade will not be usable for such upgrades. pg_upgrade uses this fact to perform rapid upgrades by creating new system tables and simply reusing the old user data files. Major PostgreSQL releases regularly add new features that often change the layout of the system tables, but the internal data storage format rarely changes. It is not required for minor version upgrades, e.g., from 9.6.2 to 9.6.3 or from 10.1 to 10.2. Concealing and obscuring the name of the superuser has advantages.Pg_upgrade (formerly called pg_migrator) allows data stored in PostgreSQL data files to be upgraded to a later PostgreSQL major version without the data dump/restore typically required for major version upgrades, e.g., from 9.5.8 to 9.6.4 or from 10.7 to 11.2. By keeping this disabled, you remove the risk of a brute force attack through a named super-user.And, that means that you could normally wreck havoc anyway. This normally means in order to log in as postgres which is the PostgreSQL equivalent of SQL Server's SA, you have to have write-access to the underlying data files. It's normally not password protected and delegates to the host operating system.You're supposed to have root to get to authenticate as postgres. No one is supposed to "log in" to the operating system as postgres. I suggest NOT modifying the postgres user. Or, $ grep "port =" /etc/postgresql/*/main/nf If you don't know the port, you can always get it by running the following, as the postgres user, SHOW port Then you can login, $ psql -h localhost -d mydatabase -U myuser -p Using the SQL administration commands, and connecting with a password over TCP $ sudo -u postgres psql postgresĪnd, then in the psql shell CREATE ROLE myuser LOGIN PASSWORD 'mypass' ĬREATE DATABASE mydatabase WITH OWNER = myuser ![]() You should probably be omitting that entirely and letting all the commands default to the user's name instead. Using createuser and createdb, we can be explicit about the database name, $ sudo -u postgres createuser -s $USER We'll be using mydatabase as the example database name. And there is no reason to break that convention if your user only needs one database. So there is a convention to make that the "user's database". Both require creating a user and a database.īy default psql connects to the database with the same name as the user. ![]()
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